Language Functions Competency of English Teachers in the Division of Catbalogan City
Keywords:
Language Functions, Competency, English TeachersAbstract
This study assessed the correlates of language functions competency of the secondary English teachers of the Division of Catbalogan City, aligned with the academic year 2017-2018. The study utilized descriptive research design both in quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Quantitative data was administered through a survey questionnaire for the profile of the teacher-respondents while qualitative data was gathered through an audio recorded interview using the Oral production test instrument and rating scale. The respondents’ profile along civil status showed a significant relationship with their oral English competency in the seven language function in terms of personal, imaginative and representational functions and it was obtained at 0.05 level of significance and an r value of -0.297, -0.312 and -0.334 respectively. The level of oral English competency of the teacher-respondents in the instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic, imaginative and representational functions was fairly proficient. It implied that the Secondary English teachers had a moderately adequate vocabulary, somewhat precise in their expression and somewhat smooth and effortless in their speech. There should be a major shift of the English program to consider making oral communication as its focal point aligned and articulated with other macro skills. Professional growth should be capitalized and widely disseminated during forums and training courses.
References
Aguenza, B., Al-Kassem, A, H., & Som, A. M. (2012). Social media and productivity in the workplace: Challenges and constraints. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business.
Alaga, N. (2015). “Level of Media Exposure and English Language Performance of Selected Freshmen Students of Samar State University.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Araneta, S. and Punongbayan, M. (2006). Poll: Pinoy proficiency in English declining. Retrieved from http://www.philstar.com/
Bailey, K.M. and Savage L. (1994). New Ways in Teaching Speaking. Alexandria, VA: TESOL.
Barts, A. E. (1981). Basic Statistical Concepts. Second Edition. New York: McMillan Publishing Company (Collier Company Publisher London).
Bless, C., & Higson-Smith, C. (2000). Fundamentals of social research methods: an African perspective. South Africa: JUTA, 3.
Buiza, M. J. C. (2013). Factors Affecting the Implementation of Policies on the Promotion of Txeachers (Doctoral Dissertation, De La Salle University).
Business Mirror Editorial (2016). Our shrinking English proficient workforce. Retrieved from http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/
Butler, Y. G. (2004) “What Level of English Proficiency Do Elementary School Teachers Need to Attain to Teach EFL? Case Studies from Korea, Taiwan, and Japan.” TESOL Quarterly.
Cabigon, M. (2014). State of English in PH: Should we be concerned? Retrieved from: https://opinion.inquirer.net/
Calmonira, Laurentina Paler, et al. (2017) Research Methods and Thesis Writing (2ndd Edition). Rex Bookstore, Inc.
Cambridge Dictionary (2018). Definition of “vocabulary” - English Dictionary. Retrieved from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/
Camp, D. J. (1987). Language Functions Used By Four Middle Grade Students (Order No. 8725317). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (303479065). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Canagarajah, A. S. (1999). Interrogating the “native speaker fallacy;” Non-linguistic roots, non-pedagogical results. In G. Braine (Ed.), Non-native educators in English language teaching (pp. 77-92). Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Chan Robles (1994). Republic Act No. 7784. Retrieved from http://www.chanrobles.com/
Chang, N., & Cress, S. (2014). Conversations about visual arts: Facilitating oral language. Early Childhood Education Journal.
Cherwin, K. A. (2010). Why join a professional association. Higher Ed Jobs.
Celce-Murcia, Mariane (2006). Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language. Heinle & Heinle.
Conde, C. H. (2007). English Getting Lost in Translation in Philippines. Retrieved from: http://www.nytimes.com/
Crystal, D. and Potter, S. (2018). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/topic/English-language
Culata, R. (2015). Constructivist Theory (Jerome Bruner). Retrieved from: http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories
Dacanay, R.A. (2017)). “Competency on Samar Folkdances of MAPEH Teachers in Catbalogan City Division”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Delgado, D. O. (2017). “Competence of the TLE Teachers for the K-12 Program of Public Junior Highschool in the Division of Samar”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Domingo, K. (2018, February 8, 2018). PH lacks English standard ahead of BPO shift to artificial intelligence. Retrieved from http://news.abs-cbn.com/
DO 1, s. (2003). DO 1, s. 2003- Promulgating the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act No. 9155 Otherwise Known as the Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001. Retrieved from: http://www.deped.gov.ph/
Dubow, G., & Gundermann, S. (2017). Certifying the linguistic and communicative competencies of teachers in english-medium instruction programmes. Language Learning in Higher Education, 7(2), 475-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2017-0021
Feng, S., & Benson, T. (2007). The language patterns of preschool children in the computer environment. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 21(4), 341-351. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Gabon, P. D. (2017) “Expository Writing Performance and Experiences of the Secondary English Teachers in the Division of Catbalogan City”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Gass, S. C. and L. Selinker (1994). Second Language Acquisition: An Introductory Course. Hillside, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Gul, S., & Aziz, S. (2015). Teachers’ level of proficiency in English speaking as a medium of instruction and causes for English speaking deficiency. Bulletin of Education and Research, 37 (1) Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Gutierrez, L. H. (1974). A Study of The Applicability of Halliday’s Functional Theory of Language Development to Two Spanish-speaking Children At The Pre-syntactic Stage (Order No. 7506952). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (302714077). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Halliday, M. A. K. (1985). Spoken and written Language. Victoria: Deakin University Press.
Halliday, M. (1975). Learning how to Mean. London: Edward Arnold.
Hilles, Sharon and Andre Sutton (2006). Teaching English as a second or Foreign Language. Third Edition. Singapore: Thompson Learning Asia.
Hope, D. F. (2002). “Foreign Language Teachers’ Oral Proficiency and Its Impact on Classroom Usage” (Dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3059448).
Hurst, M. (2003). Albert Bandura: Social-Cognitive Theory and Vicarious Learning. Retrieved from: https://study.com/academy
Korm, R. (2011). The relationship between pay and performance in the Cambodian civil service. University of Canberra.
Kotur, B. R., & Anbazhagan, S. (2014). Education and work-experience-influence on the performance. Journal of Business and Management, 16(5), 104-110.
Khamhi-Stein, L. D. (2009). Teacher preparation and nonnative English-speaking educators. In A. Burns & J. C. Richards (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to second language teacher education (pp. 91-101). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lee, J. (2009). “Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy in Teaching English, Perceived English Language Proficiency, and Attitudes Toward the English Language: A case of Korean public elementary school teachers”, (Dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3346604).
Lesaux, N.K. & Harris, J.R. (n.d.). Supporting Ells’ Achievement: Oral Language Unpacked. Retrieved from: http://schools.nyc.gov/
Lund Research, Ltd. (2013). Laerd Statistics. Retrieved from: https://statistics.laerd.com/
Magdua, R. D. (2005). “Correlated Oral Language Performance in the Seven Oral Language Performance of English Majors of Leyte Normal University, School Year 2004-2005.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Leyte Normal University, Tacloban City.
Manalo, R.S. (2001) “Mathematical Competencies of Public Secondary School Teachers in the Division of Quezon City in Relation to Selected Variables.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, The National Teachers College, Manila
Macasinag, T. (2011). On the Decline of English Proficiency. Retrieved from http://www.sunstar.com.ph
Medgyes, P. (2001). When the teacher is a nonnative speaker. In M. Celce-Murcia (Ed.), Teaching English as a second or foreign language, (3rd ed., pp. 415-427). Boston: Heinle & Heinle.
Merriam Webster (1828). Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/
Mokhtar, H. S. (2016). Language Competency for 21st Century Needs. Retrieved from: https://nst.com.my/
Myrberg, E., & Rosen, M. (2006). The impact of teacher competence in public and independent schools in Sweden. Gothenburg University, Sweden Imam.
Nunan, D. (1991). Language Teaching Methodology. London: Prentice Hall.
Ogbuehi Uchenna, G. S., Adaobi, O. L., & Ndidi, J. (2011). Administration and Organization of Teaching and Learning in Vocational Education. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 119.
Orutein, A. C. (1990) Strategies for Effective Teaching. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc.
Padua, R. N. and Adanza, E. G. (1986). Statistics: Theory and Application. Manila: Rex Book Store Co.
Peregoy, S. F. and Boyle, O. F. (1991). “Second Language Oral Proficiency Characteristics of Low, Intermediate and High School Second Language Readers.” Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Science, 3(1), p. 35-47.
Prentice Hall (2009). Grammar and Composition I. Pearson Education South Asia.
Palencia, R. S. (2009). “Correlates of Oral English Performance in the Language Functions of Nursing Freshmen: Inputs for Improved English Instruction”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Rhode Island School Manual (1896). Regulations of Teacher Competency in English. Retrieved from http://www.ride.ri.gov.
Richards, J.C. (2011) Exploring teacher competence in language teaching. In JALT 2011 Special Issue Plenary speaker Article.
Roa, M. B. (2013) “Oral English Performance and Learning Styles and Strategies of College of Management and Information technology (CMIT) Freshmen: Inputs for an Improved English Instruction”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar State University, Catbalogan City.
Scribed (2015). Halliday’s Seven Language Functions. Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/
Shaham, D. (2003). “Superman, be quiet, the children are sleeping”: Patterns in male teachers’ gendered verbal interaction with their 3 to 5-year-old male and female students (Order No. 3100803). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global_ Literature & Language. (305313415). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Sharwar, G. and Shamsa, A. (2007). “Teachers’ Level of Proficiency in English Speaking as Medium of Instruction and Causes for English Speaking Deficiency” Bulletin of Education and Research; Lahore.
Skinner, B. F. (1968) The Technology of Technology. New York, U.S.A.: Meredith Corporation.
Snow, M. A., Kamhi-stein, L. and Brinton, D. (2006). “Teacher Training for English as a Lingua Franca.” Annual Review of Applied Linguistics; Cambridge.
Snow, M. A., et al. (1989). “A Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Language and Context in Second/Foreign Language Instruction.” Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly, Vol. 23, p. 201-217.
Snow, M. A. (1997). The Content-Based Classroom: Perspective on Integrating Language and Content. New York: Longman.
Tang, T. (2007). “Investigating NNS English Teachers’ Self-assessed Language Proficiency in an EFL Context”. (master’s thesis). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3188193).
Thompson, W. J. (2001). Adaptations of language functions in caregiver speech: Nurturing the acquisition of pragmatic competence (Order No. 3010055). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (251720965). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/
Torremoro, N. T. (2001). “Teaching Competencies of the Technology and Home Economics (THE) Teachers among Private Secondary Schools in the Division of Samar: Inputs to an In-service Program”. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Samar College, Catbalogan City.
Trevor, C. O., Gerhart, B., & Boudreau, J. W. (1997). Voluntary turnover and job performance: Curvilinearity and the moderating influences of salary growth and promotions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(1), 44.
Vivero, P. M. (2002). “Correlates of Speaking Performance as to the Seven Language Functions of Fourth Year Students of Leyte National High School.” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Leyte Normal University, Tacloban City.
Walpole, Ronald B. (1983). Basic Statistics. Third Edition. New York: McGraw Book Company.
Yeh, Shu-Wen (2005). “Perceptions regarding foreign teachers teaching English in Taiwanese English language schools.” University of South Dakota, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.